Photos

Marx Ayres in the conference and drafting rooms of his former office located at 1180 S. Beverly Drive, Los Angeles, California.

THE FORUM - Inglewood, California

This 17,500 seat sports arena, and former home of the Los Angeles Lakers basketball and Kings ice hockey teams, is a Southern California landmark. The HVAC systems included air handling units with economizers (to use 100% outside air during mild weather) and multiple thermal zones for control of space temperature and humidity. Electric drive refrigeration compressors were provided to generate chilled water (CHW), and gas fired boilers to generate high temperature hot water (HW). A unique feature was the arena ice making and breaking system. Steel pipes in the concrete slab contained CHW and glycol to make ice and HW to break the ice. Loose ice was removed by scrapers, delivered to a trench and melted using hot water sprays.

NATIONAL SECURITY AND RESOURCES STUDY CENTER - Los Alamos National Laboratory, New Mexico

This 3-story, 66,000 square foot building was developed to serve as a national example of an energy efficient solar augmented building. The envelop contained high R-value insulation and included deep over-hangs with vertical fins for sun control at windows. Lighting levels were reduced to 2 watts/square foot and provided with occupant sensor switching. The HVAC system was variable air volume with terminal hot water reheat, hot and chilled water storage tanks for off-hour energy usage, outside air economizers and air-to-air heat recovery systems. Chilled water was provided by an absorption chiller using hot water from the solar system and/or an off-site steam plant. The solar augmented mechanical system, with 8,000 square foot south facing 35 degree elevation solar energy collector, provided 87% of the annual heating and cooling needs of the building.

BROADWAY PLAZA - Los Angeles, California

The Broadway Plaza in downtown Los Angeles, was the first urban center that integrated shopping, offices and hotel within a single mega-structure. The 2.5 million sq. ft. complex contains : a 32 level, 723,000 sq. ft. office tower; a 23 story, 500 room Hyatt hotel; a 3 level 250,000 sq. ft. Broadway department store; a 4 level shopping mall; a central Galleria with a 50 ft. high ceiling with skylights; and a 2000 car above grade parking structure. The HVAC peak heating and cooling loads, optimum systems performance and energy conservation features, were determined using computer simulations. The air handling systems in the various buildings, were provided with chilled and hot water from a central plant with electric chillers and gas fired boilers. Most of the air handling systems were variable air volume with units located at load centers in each building, and in the core on each floor of the office tower. The hotel rooms were provided with induction/by pass units. All of the HVAC, plumbing, lighting, emergency power, fire protection and security systems were controlled and monitored by a central energy management system.

FIRST NATIONAL BANK OF OREGON, Portland, Oregon

This 831,000 square foot 40 story office tower and adjacent bank was the first major high-rise building in Portland, Oregon. A study of the building energy requirements and the available low electric power rates resulted in an all-electric (no gas or oil) building. The HVAC system included heat recovery chillers, centralized air handlers with multi-zone variable air volume terminals, economizers and digital controls. High infiltration rates caused by winter stack effect in the tower was off-set by separate air handler controls to pressurize the ground floor entry lobby.